Use of Cell Phone in Modern Courtship Among Nursing...

USE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY-ECHAGUE A Thesis Presented to The faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY Echague, Isabela In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION By: MELODY Q. PINEDA March 2008 APPROVAL SHEET The thesis attached hereto entitled USE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY- ECHAGUE, prepared and submitted by MELODY Q. PINEDA, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION is hereby endorsed. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ANNALIZA T.†¦show more content†¦The Researcher DEDICATION I humbly and heartily dedicated this piece of work To My beloved and supportive loving parents, Mr.Gilberto Pineda and Mrs. Cherlita Pineda to my brothers Darwin, Mario and Randy, to my sisters, Judilyn, Gemmalyn, Levy and Melanie, to my friends, board mates and Jace who provided care and love, financial, spiritual and moral support and sacrifices which serves as her strength, courage and determination that paved the way to the fulfillment of this manuscript, Above all our Dear Lord for His endless love. Thank you very much. This is the reward of your hardship and sacrifice. This piece of work is dedicated to all of you. -MeLoDz- TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ...i APPROVAL SHEET†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........ii ACKOWLEDGEMENT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦................ iii

How Academic Pressures Can Be Detrimental For...

As Pre–service teachers, we agreed that our inquiry should emphasise both formal and informal learning, and how academic pressures can be detrimental for socioemotional wellbeing. Our current philosophical question was not our original question (APPENDIX A), as we realised that our original question was excessively complex and broad. By utilising and reworking various elements of our original question, we formed our current philosophical question: Does our current educational system value academic skills and dispositions at the expense of socioemotional wellbeing? We discussed what we as individuals believe the Purpose of Education encompasses. There was a general consensus that education needs to include elements of academia, however, some members saw the value of an informal education with a basis of social interaction. In-depth dialogue and Socratic questioning, lead us to the notions of informal and formal education, where everyone drew upon their prior experiences. Later, we built upon our understanding, concluding that an efficacious education needs to be both formally and informally situated. We decided to focus on the Humanist and Constructivist Theorists: Confucius, John Dewey, Paulo Freire, Henry Giroux and Maria Montessori (Lewis, 2012). Our question is philosophical, because it can be supported by empirical evidence, it is broad, it is subject to differing opinions, and it promotes Socratic questioning and further discussion. This philosophical question isShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRating Scale 166 Comparison Data 166 Source of Personal Stress 166 3 SOLVING PROBLEMS ANALYTICALLY AND CREATIVELY 167 SKILL ASSESSMENT 168 Diagnostic Surveys for Creative Problem Solving 168 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 168 How Creative Are You ? 169 Innovative Attitude Scale 171 Creative Style Assessment 172 SKILL LEARNING 174 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 174 Steps in Analytical Problem Solving 174 Defining the Problem 174 Generating Alternatives 176 Evaluating

Protection of Online Media

Question: Write an essay on Protection of online media is an important aspect of online entertainment management, especially the use of DRM (Digital Rights Management). Answer: Means of communication have always been integral part of human life, and it would be difficult to imagine world without any communication channel. Starting with the verbal transmission, transcending through written, the new age media depends on the digital transmission for distribution of data and information worldwide. Digitization has simplified the task of creation and dissemination of media to a great extent. However, at the same time, it has also created problems of piracy, copying and unauthorized access to material jeopardizing the livelihood of millions of artists worldwide. Popularized by Gutenbergs press, copying in the digital age is a matter of seconds and has proven to be a great nuisance to content owners and creators wishing to keep their content exclusive. To tackle such issues of content and creators rights protection, WIPO provides guidelines through the framing of Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) and Rights Management Information (RMIs). These measures aim to stop the infringement of copyrights and give content owners complete control over their content. Apart from saving the livelihood of content owners directly, copyright protection measures also help e-businesses to maintain and increase their user base. The amount of trust in a website makes up the extent of customer loyalty towards it (Nissenbaum 2004). Introduction Different methods of communication have been used by humans since long time. They act as a medium of transferring, transacting and storing information. Whether it be songs, TV shows, radio transmissions, they all have helped society get informed and entertained for a long time. Earlier entertainment used to be in the form of bards, minstrels, plays, etc. forms which were limited in accessibility and reach. But, with the advent of technology, the method of delivering media to the mass audience has changed significantly. From its earlier stages of being a localized source of entertainment, media industry has long since grown into a full-fledged industry warranting professional analysis to determine what constitutes profits, what is and isnt legally viable, what is the latest technology available to cash out the maximum profit (ed. Alexander et al. 2003). Contemporary media education involves the study of issues involving freedom of speech, new communication technology and media contents effect on society, easy access to social media (ed. Alexander et al. 2003). As the worldwide access to the internet is increasing, more and more people are getting connected, processes are getting completed online, and use of social media as a tool of communication is constantly on the rise. The acceptability of these media products is the function of different media organizations acceptance and commercialization of them leading to their adoption and diffusion in the society (Albarran et al. 2006). An ever increasing number of media firms are trying to increase their global reach and trying to figure out how to utilize the full potential of new digital media environment (Doyle 2002; Herman McChesney 1997). In such a scenario, it becomes vital for both organizations and individuals to have access to controlled and secure content. For organizations, it is the protection for their revenue source while for individual users, access to electronically safe content means their privacy and independence is intact so that they can pursue their choices in a threat-free environment. Individual artists also require this security to ensure that the means of livelihood is accessible to him. One such example is a recent case in India where a movie was leaked online days before its release leaving the Bollywood in furore and the movies stakeholders got concerned about their prospective earnings. A typical computer being an assortment of hardware and software such as the motherboard, sound card, graphic card, etc., these things are in constant communication with each other, both internally and externally (Sims 2003). This to and fro of messages within and outside expose the whole system as well as the content stored therein to unrestricted access, necessitating the existence of systems to protect the data. Data Encryption plays an important role here. these systems allow the content creator and owner to distribute his content in a controlled manner to only authorized users and protect it from unauthorized ones. The problem mushrooms up in earnest once one security key assigned to an individual is made public so that now the program can be accessed by anyone eroding the chances of the content owner from profiting from a unique piece of work. Use of media devices such as portable digital music players, video recorders, etc. makes the distribution of such digital media content much easier, thus generating concerns about their protection. Their inherent complexity along with the daily introduced changes and upgrades in popular digital media such as video games make it quite difficult to protect them. This is where the concept of copyright comes into picture. According to WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), a copyright gives a creator legal rights over their literary and artistic creation (WIPO n.d.). Books, movies, paintings, sculptures, computer programs, databases, technical drawings, maps, etc. all are protected by copyrights only. The process of copying, mechanized by Gutenbergs press brought in the concept of copyright since making copies now was not an arduous task requiring days worth of labor. Digitization took this ease of copying a step forward and made it instantaneous and viral thus rendering the existing copyrighting laws obsolete. Copyright infringement laws are commonplace nowadays and are seen in newspapers on a daily basis. Not only copying, digitization has also helped in a lot many other ways to make digital content be mass accessible. The age old, time consuming, laborious tasks of writing, recording, maintaining, proofing, copy editing, etc. have now been compacted into a simpler version where content needs be just created and can directly be released online (The Future 2011). Discussion Without safe access to online media and entertainment, media industry would definitely collapse. Not only the content creators will shun it due to the reduced earnings and unappreciated efforts, but also the users who in the wake of no privacy and numerous threats, would much rather prefer no access rather than maligned access. This report discusses the concept of threat of copyright infringements in the context of media and entertainment industry and concurs that online media protection and DRMs are an important part of online media management. As the universal access to the online content increases, the possibility of its misuse increases proportionally. Increasing banking transactions being done online, saving of passwords and keys in web based software, storing confidential information online, all generate high risks of an electronic attack. Though digital copying of authentic traditional works of art such as sculptures and fine arts remain a challenge, not many of the other online available media like music, videos, games, etc. are safe from digital reproduction and transmission. The hackers have always been able to come up with new and innovative ways to extract information not meant for their eyes or to siphon off money not earned by them. For e.g., Canadian hacker Michael Calces hacking of various media sites such as CNN, Yahoo, Amazon and eBay in 2000 is said to have cost these companies several millions of dollars worth of capital just because a 15 years old was able to break into their cyberspace (Staff 2014). Uni versal access to media content depends on how conveniently the information service providers can recover their investments while staying within the confines of contemporary laws. And now, beyond the neo-traditional methods of mass communication, social media has become the new center stage for all things media and marketing (Kaplan Haenlein 2010; Montalvo 2011). To protect online content from threats of unauthorized access, even patented software, techniques and methodologies exist. For e.g., J Robert Sims, III of Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P., in 1998 developed a method of protecting the transfer of content over unsecured channels. Storage and transmission of bulk media over the internet is facilitated using cryptographic keys, both public and private. For his invention, Sims was granted a patent in 1999 by US PTO (Sims 2003). WIPO is the international body responsible for maintaining and enforcing intellectual property rights, policy, information and services related to IP. Established in 1967, WIPO has been source of observation of IP practices worldwide by its signatory nations. Though not all countries subscribe to it, those who do are expected to maintain the highest standards of IPR. According to Riaan J. Rudman (2014), Web 2.0 has been one of the major changes that have occurred in this decades old behemoth we call internet or world wide web. Web 2.0 has been one of the reasons for promoting sharing and collaboration. Though making lives easier, this also increases the cybersecurity threat to the next level. According to him, the higher the trust shown by a user towards a website, the higher would be his loyalty towards that site. In the ever transient business of internet, having customer loyalty is one of the few things that stops companies especially e-businesses, from going to the brink of bankruptcy and ultimate oblivion of shutdown. We 2.0s existence is enriched by the number of users engaged with it at any given moment. The higher the number of users, the larger the content generated by them and better the user experience with Web 2.0. As Karlgaard (2005) said, Social media platforms such as Facebook and YouTube thrive on the number of active users they have. The more, the merrier. However, this merriment can easily be turned to misery by inappropriate use of these platforms. The leak of private photographs, videos not meant for the public eye creates a lot of nuisance for celebrities and VIPs each year worldwide. While such releases are a matter of great public attention, they inconvenience the victim a lot. Hence, cybersecurity has been a prime concern to the masters and controllers of the internet from the start. Digital rights management (DRM) programs aim to restrict the access to digital content protected by copyright as well as the hardware used to enforce these policies. The usual arguments given in favour and against any Intellectual Property right (IPR) law are applicable in the case of DRMs also. Stifling of innovation, curtailing of rights, the creation of monopolies are all alleged cons of DRM while continued revenue generation and control over work are some of the arguments in favor of DRM (Sensarkar 2007 Calvert 2013). Digital Rights Management, though used in professional jargon, are not mentioned in the formal literature of WIPO Copyright Treaty and WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT). These are the software meant to stop digital files from being copied without authorization. The formal treaties give DRM the names of Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) and Rights Management Information (RMIs) to address the concept of cybersecurity of copyrighted work (Ficsor 2010). TPMs are the technical measures such as encryption keys, etc. used by authors and other rights holders to restrict the piracy, copying, and transmission of their valuable work (IFPI 2003a). The basis for new licensing systems, RMIs the integrity and authenticity of the work, performance and phonogram in question. They act as powerful tools against copyright infringement (IFPI 2003b). However, even DRMs are not fool proof and oft times are susceptible to the hacking techniques of internet pirates, legitimate researchers and those believing in universal access to everything. Often common public is indifferent to the restrictions to access content which does not directly interfere with their functioning. However, the inconvenience caused is highly protested whenever these restrictions interfere with normal life of the same people. For e.g., in a study by Marc Fetscherin (2006), it was found that in the case of music and its piracy, a restriction to the playability of the content will be a source of disagreement amongst the users while a restriction to burn or copy such content would not be that big a deal. Conclusion At times, the most basic and the best sort of protection an artistic work of digital origin can have is self-policing. The honor based system through which media and many other such industries have thrived till now plays an equally important role here also. Though encrypted, a file once given access to a person cannot be expected not to be accessible to his friends and relatives also. After all, helping out each other is one of the cornerstones of our society. In such cases, the ethical standards followed by a person need to be above the friendship for him to consider digital media protection. Though the presence or absence of DRMs might be a thing of no concern to users at times, for authors and media content creators, the presence of such measures ensures that their rights are maintained and are available to them. Most of the human history has been passed down through the works of art of such artists, writers, and creators only. Had there been 50 Mona Lisas in the world, no one would have appreciated the marvel of Da Vincis work. Had there been exact replicas of Sistine Chapels roof, the works of Michelangelo would not be world famous today. Shakespeare would have died unknown and unappreciated had due credit not been given to him for his work. All these examples show that as important as free access to fine works of art is, it is equally important that these works are duly recognized and their copyrights are maintained. References Albarran, AB, Chan-Olmsted, SM Wirth, MO (eds.) 2006, Handbook of media management and economics, Routledge. Alexander, A, Owers, JE, Carveth, R, Hollifield, CA Greco, AN (eds.) 2003, Media economics: Theory and practice, Routledge. Calvert, P 2013, Digital Rights Management and Content Development, Online Information Review. Doyle, G 2002, Media ownership: The economics and politics of convergence and concentration in the UK and European media, Sage. Herman, ES McChesney, RW 1997, Global Media: The Missionaries of Global Capitalism, Cassel, London. Fetscherin, M 2006, Digital rights management: What the consumer wants, Journal of Digital Asset Management, vol. 2, no. 3-4, pp.143-149. Ficsor, M 2010, Digital Rights Management (DRM) and its co-existence with copyright exceptions, presentation during Sub-regional Seminar on the Protection of Computer Software and Databases IFPI 2003a, The WIPO Treaties: Technological Measures, viewed on 24 Jun. 2016, https://www.ifpi.org/content/library/wipo-treaties-technical-measures.pdf IFPI 2003b, The WIPO Treaties: Protection of Rights Management Information, viewed on 24 Jun. 2016, https://www.ifpi.org/content/library/wipo-treaties-rights-management-information.pdf Kaplan, AM Haenlein, M 2010, Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media, Business horizons, vol. 53, no. 1, pp.59-68. Karlgaard, R 2005, Ten laws of the modern world, Forbes, vol. 175, no. 10, pp. 33. Montalvo, RE 2011, Social media management, International Journal of Management Information Systems, vol. 15, no. 3, pp.91-96. Nissenbaum, H 2004, Will security enhance trust online, or supplant it?, in R Kramer K Cook (ed.), Trust and Distrust Within Organizations: Emerging Perspectives, Enduring Questions, Russell Sage Publication, pp.155-188. Rudman, RJ 2014, The Influence of Knowing Web 2.0 Risks and Controls on Web 2.0 Usage and Security Practices of Online Users, Journal of Applied Business Research, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 105. Sensarkar, N 2007, The potential impact of digital rights management on the Indian entertainment industry, Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.45-55. Sims, JR 2003, Media content protection utilizing public key cryptography, US 6550011 B1. Staff 2014, Biggest hacking scandals of all time, Global News, 17 April, viewed 24 June

Society And IT Essays - Internet Security, Computer Network Security

Society And IT Discuss the Threats and Causes of Failure, and Steps Taken to Minimise it. In today's world it is impossible to run a large organisation without the aid of computers. Businesses hold massive amounts of important data, hospitals hold large amounts of confidential patient information and large scientific research projects hold important codes, formulae, and equations. The bottom line is that loss or corruption of this information is sure to result in bankruptcy, a substantial loss of customers, and even world-wide financial meltdown. A dependency on technology is impossible to avoid ? even with its fatal consequences. Companies face the worry of information lost through hacking, virus corruption, and even physical threats such as fire and flood. Viruses are the most common threat to companies they can corrupt large amounts of files and data both kinds of virus, biological and electronic, take over the host cell/program and clone their carrier genetic codes by instructing the hosts to make replicas of the viruses. Neither kind of virus, however, can replicate themselves independently; they are pieces of code that attach themselves to other cells/programs, Just as biological viruses need a host cell, computer viruses require a host program to activate them. Once such example of the damage done by viruses occurred in 1988. A Cornell University hacker named Robert Morris used the national network system Internet, which include the Pentagon's ARPAnet data exchange network. The nation's high-tech ideologues and spin doctors have been locked in debate since, trying to make ethical and economic sense of the event. The virus rapidly infected an estimated six thousand computers around the USA This created a scare that crowned an open season of viral hysteria in the media, in the course of which, according to the Computer Virus Industry Association in Santa Clara, the number of known viruses jumped from seven to thirty during 1988, and from three thousand infections in the first two months of that year to thirty thousand in the last two months. While it caused little in the way of data damage (some richly inflated initial estimates reckoned up to $100m in down time), the ramifications of the Internet virus have helped to generate a moral panic that has all but transformed everyday "computer culture." Other worrying viruses include "Pathogen" which was created by Christopher Pile. This fatal virus wiped data from a computers hard drive, in 1995 he was convicted under the Computer misuse attack. Stephen Fleming a BT employee gained access to a database that contained hundreds of top secret phone numbers and addresses of government installations. Police managed to catch him, and he was threatened to prosecution under the first category of the computer misuse act. Meanwhile BT tightened their security. One major bug that threatened to destroy all of our data was the Millennium bug. It pursued the media for months; it was difficult not to have heard of it. The problem was that many electrical items ? not just computers held a chip that kept track of the date, it was feared that after 1999 the date would switch to 0000 or 1900 and stop working all together. Millions of pounds were spent trying to outsmart the bug; no computers were sold in the years running up to 2000 without being "millennium compliant". Fortunately the bug did not strike, and now many anti-virus companies are being accused of conning industries into buying new software to tackle a non-existent bug. Anti-virus packages are now one of the best selling types of software. Many companies offer bigger and better packages each year. "Norton" anti-virus software is one of the best selling packages along with "Dr Solomon's" anti-virus toolkits. It is very sensible for every computer owner to have an anti-virus package. And it is vital for any company to have an advanced anti-virus package. Data is also secured using a backup system. When processing information banks and businesses produce huge amounts of backup. Looking at the amount of backup created you may think that it is absurd. But for the business it secures information, any master data that is lost can just be brought up from backup files. The problem is that backup files need room to be stored, and protection. Fire and flood produce an increasing threat to large backup files. To avoid these problems most companies store there backup files in a different building to their master files. This means that damage to one building forces the company to recall their backup files from the other building which will not have sustained damage (unless the company has very bad