Use of Cell Phone in Modern Courtship Among Nursing...

USE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY-ECHAGUE A Thesis Presented to The faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY Echague, Isabela In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION By: MELODY Q. PINEDA March 2008 APPROVAL SHEET The thesis attached hereto entitled USE OF CELL PHONE IN MODERN COURTSHIP AMONG NURSING STUDENTS OF ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY- ECHAGUE, prepared and submitted by MELODY Q. PINEDA, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree BACHELOR OF ARTS IN MASS COMMUNICATION is hereby endorsed. ADVISORY COMMITTEE ANNALIZA T.†¦show more content†¦The Researcher DEDICATION I humbly and heartily dedicated this piece of work To My beloved and supportive loving parents, Mr.Gilberto Pineda and Mrs. Cherlita Pineda to my brothers Darwin, Mario and Randy, to my sisters, Judilyn, Gemmalyn, Levy and Melanie, to my friends, board mates and Jace who provided care and love, financial, spiritual and moral support and sacrifices which serves as her strength, courage and determination that paved the way to the fulfillment of this manuscript, Above all our Dear Lord for His endless love. Thank you very much. This is the reward of your hardship and sacrifice. This piece of work is dedicated to all of you. -MeLoDz- TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ ...i APPROVAL SHEET†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........ii ACKOWLEDGEMENT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦................ iii

How Academic Pressures Can Be Detrimental For...

As Pre–service teachers, we agreed that our inquiry should emphasise both formal and informal learning, and how academic pressures can be detrimental for socioemotional wellbeing. Our current philosophical question was not our original question (APPENDIX A), as we realised that our original question was excessively complex and broad. By utilising and reworking various elements of our original question, we formed our current philosophical question: Does our current educational system value academic skills and dispositions at the expense of socioemotional wellbeing? We discussed what we as individuals believe the Purpose of Education encompasses. There was a general consensus that education needs to include elements of academia, however, some members saw the value of an informal education with a basis of social interaction. In-depth dialogue and Socratic questioning, lead us to the notions of informal and formal education, where everyone drew upon their prior experiences. Later, we built upon our understanding, concluding that an efficacious education needs to be both formally and informally situated. We decided to focus on the Humanist and Constructivist Theorists: Confucius, John Dewey, Paulo Freire, Henry Giroux and Maria Montessori (Lewis, 2012). Our question is philosophical, because it can be supported by empirical evidence, it is broad, it is subject to differing opinions, and it promotes Socratic questioning and further discussion. This philosophical question isShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRating Scale 166 Comparison Data 166 Source of Personal Stress 166 3 SOLVING PROBLEMS ANALYTICALLY AND CREATIVELY 167 SKILL ASSESSMENT 168 Diagnostic Surveys for Creative Problem Solving 168 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 168 How Creative Are You ? 169 Innovative Attitude Scale 171 Creative Style Assessment 172 SKILL LEARNING 174 Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation 174 Steps in Analytical Problem Solving 174 Defining the Problem 174 Generating Alternatives 176 Evaluating

Protection of Online Media

Question: Write an essay on Protection of online media is an important aspect of online entertainment management, especially the use of DRM (Digital Rights Management). Answer: Means of communication have always been integral part of human life, and it would be difficult to imagine world without any communication channel. Starting with the verbal transmission, transcending through written, the new age media depends on the digital transmission for distribution of data and information worldwide. Digitization has simplified the task of creation and dissemination of media to a great extent. However, at the same time, it has also created problems of piracy, copying and unauthorized access to material jeopardizing the livelihood of millions of artists worldwide. Popularized by Gutenbergs press, copying in the digital age is a matter of seconds and has proven to be a great nuisance to content owners and creators wishing to keep their content exclusive. To tackle such issues of content and creators rights protection, WIPO provides guidelines through the framing of Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) and Rights Management Information (RMIs). These measures aim to stop the infringement of copyrights and give content owners complete control over their content. Apart from saving the livelihood of content owners directly, copyright protection measures also help e-businesses to maintain and increase their user base. The amount of trust in a website makes up the extent of customer loyalty towards it (Nissenbaum 2004). Introduction Different methods of communication have been used by humans since long time. They act as a medium of transferring, transacting and storing information. Whether it be songs, TV shows, radio transmissions, they all have helped society get informed and entertained for a long time. Earlier entertainment used to be in the form of bards, minstrels, plays, etc. forms which were limited in accessibility and reach. But, with the advent of technology, the method of delivering media to the mass audience has changed significantly. From its earlier stages of being a localized source of entertainment, media industry has long since grown into a full-fledged industry warranting professional analysis to determine what constitutes profits, what is and isnt legally viable, what is the latest technology available to cash out the maximum profit (ed. Alexander et al. 2003). Contemporary media education involves the study of issues involving freedom of speech, new communication technology and media contents effect on society, easy access to social media (ed. Alexander et al. 2003). As the worldwide access to the internet is increasing, more and more people are getting connected, processes are getting completed online, and use of social media as a tool of communication is constantly on the rise. The acceptability of these media products is the function of different media organizations acceptance and commercialization of them leading to their adoption and diffusion in the society (Albarran et al. 2006). An ever increasing number of media firms are trying to increase their global reach and trying to figure out how to utilize the full potential of new digital media environment (Doyle 2002; Herman McChesney 1997). In such a scenario, it becomes vital for both organizations and individuals to have access to controlled and secure content. For organizations, it is the protection for their revenue source while for individual users, access to electronically safe content means their privacy and independence is intact so that they can pursue their choices in a threat-free environment. Individual artists also require this security to ensure that the means of livelihood is accessible to him. One such example is a recent case in India where a movie was leaked online days before its release leaving the Bollywood in furore and the movies stakeholders got concerned about their prospective earnings. A typical computer being an assortment of hardware and software such as the motherboard, sound card, graphic card, etc., these things are in constant communication with each other, both internally and externally (Sims 2003). This to and fro of messages within and outside expose the whole system as well as the content stored therein to unrestricted access, necessitating the existence of systems to protect the data. Data Encryption plays an important role here. these systems allow the content creator and owner to distribute his content in a controlled manner to only authorized users and protect it from unauthorized ones. The problem mushrooms up in earnest once one security key assigned to an individual is made public so that now the program can be accessed by anyone eroding the chances of the content owner from profiting from a unique piece of work. Use of media devices such as portable digital music players, video recorders, etc. makes the distribution of such digital media content much easier, thus generating concerns about their protection. Their inherent complexity along with the daily introduced changes and upgrades in popular digital media such as video games make it quite difficult to protect them. This is where the concept of copyright comes into picture. According to WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization), a copyright gives a creator legal rights over their literary and artistic creation (WIPO n.d.). Books, movies, paintings, sculptures, computer programs, databases, technical drawings, maps, etc. all are protected by copyrights only. The process of copying, mechanized by Gutenbergs press brought in the concept of copyright since making copies now was not an arduous task requiring days worth of labor. Digitization took this ease of copying a step forward and made it instantaneous and viral thus rendering the existing copyrighting laws obsolete. Copyright infringement laws are commonplace nowadays and are seen in newspapers on a daily basis. Not only copying, digitization has also helped in a lot many other ways to make digital content be mass accessible. The age old, time consuming, laborious tasks of writing, recording, maintaining, proofing, copy editing, etc. have now been compacted into a simpler version where content needs be just created and can directly be released online (The Future 2011). Discussion Without safe access to online media and entertainment, media industry would definitely collapse. Not only the content creators will shun it due to the reduced earnings and unappreciated efforts, but also the users who in the wake of no privacy and numerous threats, would much rather prefer no access rather than maligned access. This report discusses the concept of threat of copyright infringements in the context of media and entertainment industry and concurs that online media protection and DRMs are an important part of online media management. As the universal access to the online content increases, the possibility of its misuse increases proportionally. Increasing banking transactions being done online, saving of passwords and keys in web based software, storing confidential information online, all generate high risks of an electronic attack. Though digital copying of authentic traditional works of art such as sculptures and fine arts remain a challenge, not many of the other online available media like music, videos, games, etc. are safe from digital reproduction and transmission. The hackers have always been able to come up with new and innovative ways to extract information not meant for their eyes or to siphon off money not earned by them. For e.g., Canadian hacker Michael Calces hacking of various media sites such as CNN, Yahoo, Amazon and eBay in 2000 is said to have cost these companies several millions of dollars worth of capital just because a 15 years old was able to break into their cyberspace (Staff 2014). Uni versal access to media content depends on how conveniently the information service providers can recover their investments while staying within the confines of contemporary laws. And now, beyond the neo-traditional methods of mass communication, social media has become the new center stage for all things media and marketing (Kaplan Haenlein 2010; Montalvo 2011). To protect online content from threats of unauthorized access, even patented software, techniques and methodologies exist. For e.g., J Robert Sims, III of Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P., in 1998 developed a method of protecting the transfer of content over unsecured channels. Storage and transmission of bulk media over the internet is facilitated using cryptographic keys, both public and private. For his invention, Sims was granted a patent in 1999 by US PTO (Sims 2003). WIPO is the international body responsible for maintaining and enforcing intellectual property rights, policy, information and services related to IP. Established in 1967, WIPO has been source of observation of IP practices worldwide by its signatory nations. Though not all countries subscribe to it, those who do are expected to maintain the highest standards of IPR. According to Riaan J. Rudman (2014), Web 2.0 has been one of the major changes that have occurred in this decades old behemoth we call internet or world wide web. Web 2.0 has been one of the reasons for promoting sharing and collaboration. Though making lives easier, this also increases the cybersecurity threat to the next level. According to him, the higher the trust shown by a user towards a website, the higher would be his loyalty towards that site. In the ever transient business of internet, having customer loyalty is one of the few things that stops companies especially e-businesses, from going to the brink of bankruptcy and ultimate oblivion of shutdown. We 2.0s existence is enriched by the number of users engaged with it at any given moment. The higher the number of users, the larger the content generated by them and better the user experience with Web 2.0. As Karlgaard (2005) said, Social media platforms such as Facebook and YouTube thrive on the number of active users they have. The more, the merrier. However, this merriment can easily be turned to misery by inappropriate use of these platforms. The leak of private photographs, videos not meant for the public eye creates a lot of nuisance for celebrities and VIPs each year worldwide. While such releases are a matter of great public attention, they inconvenience the victim a lot. Hence, cybersecurity has been a prime concern to the masters and controllers of the internet from the start. Digital rights management (DRM) programs aim to restrict the access to digital content protected by copyright as well as the hardware used to enforce these policies. The usual arguments given in favour and against any Intellectual Property right (IPR) law are applicable in the case of DRMs also. Stifling of innovation, curtailing of rights, the creation of monopolies are all alleged cons of DRM while continued revenue generation and control over work are some of the arguments in favor of DRM (Sensarkar 2007 Calvert 2013). Digital Rights Management, though used in professional jargon, are not mentioned in the formal literature of WIPO Copyright Treaty and WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT). These are the software meant to stop digital files from being copied without authorization. The formal treaties give DRM the names of Technological Protection Measures (TPMs) and Rights Management Information (RMIs) to address the concept of cybersecurity of copyrighted work (Ficsor 2010). TPMs are the technical measures such as encryption keys, etc. used by authors and other rights holders to restrict the piracy, copying, and transmission of their valuable work (IFPI 2003a). The basis for new licensing systems, RMIs the integrity and authenticity of the work, performance and phonogram in question. They act as powerful tools against copyright infringement (IFPI 2003b). However, even DRMs are not fool proof and oft times are susceptible to the hacking techniques of internet pirates, legitimate researchers and those believing in universal access to everything. Often common public is indifferent to the restrictions to access content which does not directly interfere with their functioning. However, the inconvenience caused is highly protested whenever these restrictions interfere with normal life of the same people. For e.g., in a study by Marc Fetscherin (2006), it was found that in the case of music and its piracy, a restriction to the playability of the content will be a source of disagreement amongst the users while a restriction to burn or copy such content would not be that big a deal. Conclusion At times, the most basic and the best sort of protection an artistic work of digital origin can have is self-policing. The honor based system through which media and many other such industries have thrived till now plays an equally important role here also. Though encrypted, a file once given access to a person cannot be expected not to be accessible to his friends and relatives also. After all, helping out each other is one of the cornerstones of our society. In such cases, the ethical standards followed by a person need to be above the friendship for him to consider digital media protection. Though the presence or absence of DRMs might be a thing of no concern to users at times, for authors and media content creators, the presence of such measures ensures that their rights are maintained and are available to them. Most of the human history has been passed down through the works of art of such artists, writers, and creators only. Had there been 50 Mona Lisas in the world, no one would have appreciated the marvel of Da Vincis work. Had there been exact replicas of Sistine Chapels roof, the works of Michelangelo would not be world famous today. Shakespeare would have died unknown and unappreciated had due credit not been given to him for his work. All these examples show that as important as free access to fine works of art is, it is equally important that these works are duly recognized and their copyrights are maintained. References Albarran, AB, Chan-Olmsted, SM Wirth, MO (eds.) 2006, Handbook of media management and economics, Routledge. Alexander, A, Owers, JE, Carveth, R, Hollifield, CA Greco, AN (eds.) 2003, Media economics: Theory and practice, Routledge. Calvert, P 2013, Digital Rights Management and Content Development, Online Information Review. Doyle, G 2002, Media ownership: The economics and politics of convergence and concentration in the UK and European media, Sage. Herman, ES McChesney, RW 1997, Global Media: The Missionaries of Global Capitalism, Cassel, London. Fetscherin, M 2006, Digital rights management: What the consumer wants, Journal of Digital Asset Management, vol. 2, no. 3-4, pp.143-149. Ficsor, M 2010, Digital Rights Management (DRM) and its co-existence with copyright exceptions, presentation during Sub-regional Seminar on the Protection of Computer Software and Databases IFPI 2003a, The WIPO Treaties: Technological Measures, viewed on 24 Jun. 2016, https://www.ifpi.org/content/library/wipo-treaties-technical-measures.pdf IFPI 2003b, The WIPO Treaties: Protection of Rights Management Information, viewed on 24 Jun. 2016, https://www.ifpi.org/content/library/wipo-treaties-rights-management-information.pdf Kaplan, AM Haenlein, M 2010, Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media, Business horizons, vol. 53, no. 1, pp.59-68. Karlgaard, R 2005, Ten laws of the modern world, Forbes, vol. 175, no. 10, pp. 33. Montalvo, RE 2011, Social media management, International Journal of Management Information Systems, vol. 15, no. 3, pp.91-96. Nissenbaum, H 2004, Will security enhance trust online, or supplant it?, in R Kramer K Cook (ed.), Trust and Distrust Within Organizations: Emerging Perspectives, Enduring Questions, Russell Sage Publication, pp.155-188. Rudman, RJ 2014, The Influence of Knowing Web 2.0 Risks and Controls on Web 2.0 Usage and Security Practices of Online Users, Journal of Applied Business Research, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 105. Sensarkar, N 2007, The potential impact of digital rights management on the Indian entertainment industry, Journal of International Trade Law and Policy, vol. 6, no. 1, pp.45-55. Sims, JR 2003, Media content protection utilizing public key cryptography, US 6550011 B1. Staff 2014, Biggest hacking scandals of all time, Global News, 17 April, viewed 24 June

Society And IT Essays - Internet Security, Computer Network Security

Society And IT Discuss the Threats and Causes of Failure, and Steps Taken to Minimise it. In today's world it is impossible to run a large organisation without the aid of computers. Businesses hold massive amounts of important data, hospitals hold large amounts of confidential patient information and large scientific research projects hold important codes, formulae, and equations. The bottom line is that loss or corruption of this information is sure to result in bankruptcy, a substantial loss of customers, and even world-wide financial meltdown. A dependency on technology is impossible to avoid ? even with its fatal consequences. Companies face the worry of information lost through hacking, virus corruption, and even physical threats such as fire and flood. Viruses are the most common threat to companies they can corrupt large amounts of files and data both kinds of virus, biological and electronic, take over the host cell/program and clone their carrier genetic codes by instructing the hosts to make replicas of the viruses. Neither kind of virus, however, can replicate themselves independently; they are pieces of code that attach themselves to other cells/programs, Just as biological viruses need a host cell, computer viruses require a host program to activate them. Once such example of the damage done by viruses occurred in 1988. A Cornell University hacker named Robert Morris used the national network system Internet, which include the Pentagon's ARPAnet data exchange network. The nation's high-tech ideologues and spin doctors have been locked in debate since, trying to make ethical and economic sense of the event. The virus rapidly infected an estimated six thousand computers around the USA This created a scare that crowned an open season of viral hysteria in the media, in the course of which, according to the Computer Virus Industry Association in Santa Clara, the number of known viruses jumped from seven to thirty during 1988, and from three thousand infections in the first two months of that year to thirty thousand in the last two months. While it caused little in the way of data damage (some richly inflated initial estimates reckoned up to $100m in down time), the ramifications of the Internet virus have helped to generate a moral panic that has all but transformed everyday "computer culture." Other worrying viruses include "Pathogen" which was created by Christopher Pile. This fatal virus wiped data from a computers hard drive, in 1995 he was convicted under the Computer misuse attack. Stephen Fleming a BT employee gained access to a database that contained hundreds of top secret phone numbers and addresses of government installations. Police managed to catch him, and he was threatened to prosecution under the first category of the computer misuse act. Meanwhile BT tightened their security. One major bug that threatened to destroy all of our data was the Millennium bug. It pursued the media for months; it was difficult not to have heard of it. The problem was that many electrical items ? not just computers held a chip that kept track of the date, it was feared that after 1999 the date would switch to 0000 or 1900 and stop working all together. Millions of pounds were spent trying to outsmart the bug; no computers were sold in the years running up to 2000 without being "millennium compliant". Fortunately the bug did not strike, and now many anti-virus companies are being accused of conning industries into buying new software to tackle a non-existent bug. Anti-virus packages are now one of the best selling types of software. Many companies offer bigger and better packages each year. "Norton" anti-virus software is one of the best selling packages along with "Dr Solomon's" anti-virus toolkits. It is very sensible for every computer owner to have an anti-virus package. And it is vital for any company to have an advanced anti-virus package. Data is also secured using a backup system. When processing information banks and businesses produce huge amounts of backup. Looking at the amount of backup created you may think that it is absurd. But for the business it secures information, any master data that is lost can just be brought up from backup files. The problem is that backup files need room to be stored, and protection. Fire and flood produce an increasing threat to large backup files. To avoid these problems most companies store there backup files in a different building to their master files. This means that damage to one building forces the company to recall their backup files from the other building which will not have sustained damage (unless the company has very bad

Dams and Reservoirs

Dams and Reservoirs A dam is any barrier that holds back water; dams are primarily used to save, manage, and/or prevent the flow of excess water into specific regions. In addition, some dams are used to generate hydropower. This article examines man-made dams but dams can also be created by natural causes like mass wasting events or even animals like the beaver. Another term often used when discussing dams is reservoir. A reservoir is a man-made lake that is primarily used for storing water. They can also be defined as the specific bodies of water formed by the construction of a dam. For example, the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir in California’s Yosemite National Park is the body of water created and held back by the O’Shaughnessy Dam. Types of Dams One of the most common types of major dams is the arch dam. These masonry or concrete dams are ideal for narrow and/or rocky locations because their curved shape easily holds back water via gravity without the need for a lot of construction materials. Arch dams can have one large single arch or they can have multiple small arches separated by concrete buttresses. The Hoover Dam which is on the border of the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada is an arch dam. Another type of dam is the buttress dam. These can have multiple arches, but unlike a traditional arch dam, they can be flat as well. Normally buttress dams are made of concrete and feature a series braces called buttresses along the downstream side of the dam to prevent the natural flow of water. The Daniel-Johnson Dam in Quebec, Canada is a multiple arch buttress dam. In the U.S., the most common type of dam is the embankment dam. These are large dams made out of soil and rock which use their weight to hold back water. To prevent water from moving through them, embankment dams also have a thick waterproof core. The Tarbela Dam in Pakistan is the world’s largest embankment dam. Finally, gravity dams are huge dams that are constructed to hold back water using only their own weight. To do this, they are constructed using extensive amounts of concrete, making them difficult and expensive to build. The Grand Coulee Dam in the U.S. state of Washington is a gravity dam. Types of Reservoirs and Construction The first and usually largest type of reservoir is called a valley dammed reservoir. These are reservoirs that are located in narrow valley areas where tremendous amounts of water can be held in by the valley’s sides and a dam. The best location for a dam in these types of reservoirs is where it can be built into the valley wall most effectively to form a water tight seal. To construct a valley dammed reservoir, the river must be diverted, usually through a tunnel, at the start of work. The first step in creating this type of reservoir is the pouring of a strong foundation for the dam, after which construction on the dam itself can begin. These steps can take months to years to complete, depending on the size and complexity of the project. Once finished, the diversion is removed and the river is able to flow freely toward the dam until it gradually fills the reservoir. Dam Controversy In addition, the creation of a reservoir requires the flooding of large areas of land, at the expense of the natural environment and sometimes villages, towns and small cities. The construction of China’s Three Gorges Dam, for example, required the relocation of over one million people and flooded many different archaeological and cultural sites. Main Uses of Dams and Reservoirs Another major use of dams is power generation as hydroelectric power is one of the world’s major sources of electricity. Hydropower is generated when the potential energy of the water on the dam drives a water turbine which in then turns a generator and creates electricity. To best make use of the water’s power, a common type of hydroelectric dam uses reservoirs with different levels to adjust the amount of energy generated as it is needed. When demand is low for instance, water is held in an upper reservoir and as demand increases, the water is released into a lower reservoir where it spins a turbine. Some other important uses of dams and reservoirs include a stabilization of water flow and irrigation, flood prevention, water diversion and recreation. To learn more about dams and reservoirs visit PBSs Dams Site. Rogun - 1,099 feet (335 m) in TajikistanNurek - 984 feet (300 m) in TajikistanGrande Dixence - 932 feet (284 m) in SwitzerlandInguri - 892 feet (272 m) in GeorgiaBoruca - 876 feet (267 m) in Costa RicaVaiont - 860 feet (262 m) in ItalyChicoasà ©n - 856 feet (261 m) in MexicoTehri - 855 feet (260 m) in Indialvaro Abregà ³n - 853 feet (260 m) in MexicoMauvoisin - 820 feet (250 m) in SwitzerlandLake Kariba - 43 cubic miles (180 km ³) in Zambia and ZimbabweKuybyshev Reservoir - 14 cubic miles (58 km ³) in Russia

MS Project Memo essays

MS Project Memo essays Organization, time, and money management are essential to successful business, project, and team management. MS Project software includes a host of tools applicable to any project or task. The application enables users to design a plan of action and clearly outlines the steps necessary for its timely and efficient completion. Moreover, multiple members of a team can view, edit, and track changes to the project data. Microsoft's Project software also works in tandem with other applications in the MS Office suite, enabling users to transfer data between other applications like MS Word or Excel. Finally project reports can be printed using charts, graphics, and text, so team members can have visual aides. Plans can be easily changed or updated during the course of project management. First-time users may find that MS Office has a high learning curve, as it contains a wide range functions and menus. The graphical user interface (GUI) seems daunting at times, too. Help options are limited as is the basic manual included with the software package. Because of this, users may be unaware of how powerful the software actually is and should rely on support from more experienced coworkers. Because MS Project is a team- oriented application, opportunities for informal problem solving among Given that the cost of the software is within our budget and that we do rely heavily on team-based initiatives, I strongly recommend that we invest in the product. MS Project will help us become more organized and plan our projects more efficiently, which will save us time and money in the long run. Each project can be broken down into individual parts with dates of expected completion and each team member will be clear about their specific responsibilities. Moreover, MS Project integrates with other MS Office software that we use regularly. With Project we will also be less ...

Biblical creation story in reference to science Essay

Biblical creation story in reference to science - Essay Example The second is the day age view that states that the days in the book of Genesis are indefinite periods and not the normal twenty four- days. The restoration theorists come up with a different view that the days in genesis are indeed the normal days, but a lot time elapsed between the first and second verses of the book of Genesis when God was recreating the earth. The fourth view that is the literary framework view states that the author of the book of Genesis did not intend to indicate the order of creation nor the number of days and it is therefore not in order to go into this line. Science and the biblical story of creation can only be linked if the Genesis days are viewed as indefinite periods. Theologians use other verses in the Bible to explain the other verses. It is this explanation that shows that the days in Genesis could only be explained in the form of periods that are indefinite. When looking at the Hebrew Bible, the word yom is used to explain the days in the creation story. In Hebrew, the word yom represents the normal days with twenty-four hours. This can be misleading, but when we look at other scriptures, the word yom represents periods of time. For example, in the book of Hosea 6:2 where Hosea tells the people that after two days God would revive them and on the third day, raise them up.( New King James Version) Taken in this context, it cannot mean the ordinary twenty-four hours of the day. One would argue that the days in Genesis chapter one are normal days because God commanded man to work for six days and rest on the seventh day. The aspect being brought in here is that man should dedicate some of his time to worship his creator: it is the idea of rest being brought in. In Exodus 23: 10-11, the Sabbath rest is a yearlong and also in Leviticus 5: 8-17, the Israelites were commanded to take a rest of jubilee after fifty years. The author of Genesis chapter one states that vegetation was created before the sun. This statement

The Charge of the Light Brigade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Charge of the Light Brigade - Essay Example The film was produced by Samuel Bischoff with the association of Hal. B. Wallis as the executive producer. This film did quiet well in the terms of revenue but could only manage to grab the Academy Awards for Best Assistant Director though was also nominated for the Academy Awards for sound and Best Background Score. The Charge of the Light Brigade screened in 1968 is basically a British War Film directed by Tony Richardson under the banner of Wood Fall Film and was produced by Neil Hartley. It was distributed by United Artists and the screenplay was written by Charles Wood and. The film was nominated for six BAFTA film awards but failed to win any of them. One of the unique features of the film was the use of animations by Richard Williams based on the contemporary graphic style of Punch Magazine. The animations were used to portray the political events surrounding the battle. The Charge of the Light Brigade produced in 1936 casted Errol Flynn as Major Geoffrey Vicker, Olivia de Havilland as Elsa Campbell, Patrick Knowles as Captain Perry Vickers, C. Henry Gordon as Surat Khan, David Niven as Captain James Randall. Nigel Bruce and Spring Byington played the role of Sir Benjamin Warrenton and Lady Warrenton, respectively. The other important casts were Donald Crisp as Colonel Campbell, Henry Stephenson as Sir Charles Masefield, G.P. Huntley as Major Jowett, E.E. Clive as Sir Humphrey Harcourt, Robert Barrat as Count Volonoff and J.Carrol Naish as Singh. The plot of the 1936 film, The Charge of the Light Brigade opens up at the fictional city of Chukoti in India. This is the place where the two officers of the army under the British Raj are stationed with the 27th Lancers of the British Army. It was in the year of 1854; the two Majors stationed at the city named Geoffrey Vicker and his brother Captain Perry Vicker are in love with the

How A Student Can Get an A or an F in Freshman English Essay Example for Free

How A Student Can Get an A or an F in Freshman English Essay Most students know the answer to the question as to how one gets an A or an F in Freshman English class. The reasons are basically the same with how one gets either grade in their other academic subjects. Also, after going through different English classes from grade school to high school, the student should have more or less gathered ideas on how to ace or fail the subject, the criteria almost similar for each grade level of English classes the differences mainly on the difficulty level of the lessons and the complexity of the skills and performance required from the students. This essay will point out several of these factors by which the freshman student can get an A or an F in his first English class in college. These reasons are interrelated but not interdependent with each other. Meaning, the presence of all these factors in one student makes it most probable for him to get an A but the lack of one or some of them do not mean that the student would fail to get an A. An important fact to point out is that A and F occupy the extreme ends of a grading scheme, with A being the best grade and F being the worst that a student can get. It follows therefore that the reasons why a student gets an A in Freshman English are the opposites of the reasons as to why another student gets an F. Like most English subjects, Freshman English entails a lot of reading. This is to develop further the reading and comprehension skills that students have been training for since they started learning the alphabets in kindergarten. Reading is a continuous exercise that is sharpened with practice or gets rusty with the lack of it. Teachers realize this. Some reading assignments in Freshmen English include literary texts, books and articles. Students that read assigned texts diligently and religiously according to when they are supposed to be read—or even do advance and extra reading—get A during evaluation quizzes. Those who are lazy or those who rely on reading summaries when the teacher required the reading of the whole text, more than often get the F. Aside from reading, the subject requires a lot of writing on the part of the student. Freshmen English teachers like to assign paperwork for various reasons. To test whether the student read the required story, novel or essay, the teacher would assign a book report, a reaction or analysis paper of the text. Another reason is to exercise the critical thinking skills of the student. The teacher would assign papers on a variety of topics, both about the subject matter discussed in class and other topics he deems relevant for the student to know and think about. To enhance the creativity of the student, the teacher could require him to write a poem, personal essay or story. Students who comply with these writing assignments and who exert the effort to conduct research when necessary can get an A. The students that simply submit something just for the sake of complying with the requirement, or who do not submit papers at all, get F. Paying attention to the teacher’s lectures and listening to what are being discussed during class hours is another area that differentiates the A from the F student. The textbook does not contain everything that needed to be learned. The role of the teacher is also to supplement the knowledge that can be acquired through the textbook. Usually, the items that appear in quizzes and test are those which the teacher emphasizes during lectures. Also, listening to class lectures is actually a substitute for studying independently. Any student would realize that if he listens carefully during class discussion, he would not need to study as hard anymore since when all the senses are involved in the learning process, like what happens during a class discussion, more learning occurs. The student who gets A know this fact. The F student crams during exams because he prefers to daydream during class hours or be absent altogether. Genetics also play a role in differentiating the A student from the F student. It is unfair but it is a recognized fact that a high IQ can also be inherited. Smart parents usually bear smart kids. The intelligence can even be subject-specific. A father who loves Math could have a son who loves numbers as much as him. A student who loves English may have a Dad who also loves the subject and this passion is simply being passed on to the child—an A student in English. If the student is predisposed because of his genes to be naturally good in communication activities and this talent is accompanied with diligence, he will get an A in freshman English. Getting an A or an F in Freshman English is not always because of factors that pertain to the student. The environment in which the student lives in can also play a part in determining whether he would get the best or worst grade in the subject. Teachers who inspire their students to do their best usually do make them perform their best. A boring English teacher encourages absenteeism and slack among students. Nobody wants to sleep in the classroom but the droning voices of some English teachers just induce sleepiness. Meanwhile, some students might begin the semester hating English, but this could change given the right motivations from the teacher such as interesting discussions, topics that cater to the interest of the student’s age group, and interactive activities that stimulate their creativity and multiple intelligences. A fact is that if many students in a class get an A after the semester, for certain the character of the teacher and his teaching methodologies had something to do with it. Home culture is also a reason why some students can get an A while others get F in Freshman English. A home which is rich in literary texts and reading materials are beneficial to the English student. A young person who grows up with a family who encourages the development of good reading habits among its members would have fewer problems getting an A in English class because he would already have developed one of the major skills required in the subject. More so, if the individual also writes for a hobby. The home training would also be complete if the parents are supportive of their children’s studies especially their interest in the subject. Students who get F usually lack follow-up and attention at home. Nobody tells them to study or encourages them to read. Finally, friends can also have something to do with the grade one gets in a subject. They are actually very influential with regards to whether the student would still have time to study, be interested with matters that pertain to school, and aim for good grades. If aside from the usual teenage activities one’s friends also encourage reading amongst themselves, conducting group studies, helping out in doing class assignments and projects, and getting the best possible grades, the student would have better chances of getting an A in his English class. The factors enumerated above are basic yet important reasons as to how a student can get an A or an F in Freshman English class. Knowing them, applying them in one’s life as a freshman student, or adjusting some things that do not apply to the individual, could be helpful in his getting a better grade when the report card comes out at the end of the semester.

The Ionic Column :: Art Columns Architecture History Essays

The Ionic Column Throughout history, art has become the main source for entertainment, enlightenment, and acknowledgement. It entertains those who are bored in the everyday life. It enlightens those who seek another world and those who seek beauty with wild imaginations. It acknowleges those who seek development in nature and their own world. From the cave drawings of Paleolithic art in Lascaux , to the Ancient Egyptian pyramids, and to the classical Greek sculptures, art is a never ending cycle of productions and reproductions passed on from one generation to the next, and from one culture to the next. Art throughout history plays an important role because it tells us about man's development in culture, language, and life. Everyday, the works of art from the past have been reproduced to inspire and attract. As a key strategic method to attract people, advertisement is the common benefactor for the reminesences of art throughout the periods, such as, the classical Greek Ionic columns. So there are ne w uses of older art works in many places, including magazines, newspapers, television, internet, and shopping malls. ( Prof. Smith lecture). In this essay, a trace of the Ionic column may be found from a page in The Wall Street Journal that may have distinctive similarities and differences in its physical usage and psychological meaning. A new usage of an old work of art is found in the Wall Street Journal which has words formed into the shape of an Ionic column in black and white, found in a classical Greek order. The newspaper was dated October 9, 1996 and the new use of this classical Greek order was found in the last page of section B12. This Ionic shaped column is big and long, considering the fact that the size of the newspaper is bigger than 11 by 17 inches. The image of the size in the new use column may have been to imitate the actual size of Greek column approximately of over 12 feet tall. (Refer to picture of 5 columns and the Wall Street Journal). This ionic column is so detailed by the formation of companies' name, letterings, showing distinctive characteristics from other classical Greek orders. It has fluted shaft and the capital was decorated with volutes or two pairs of scrolls with graceful curves joined by a thin abacus, which is a square block to support the entablature.

Coca-Cola Marketing Strategy

1)Discuss the attitudes and related beliefs toward coca-cola of intensely brand- loyal consumers (perhaps like those who were upset by the new coke in 1985). How might their attitudes and beliefs differ from those of less involved, less loyal consumers? What marketing implications would these differences have? 2)Do you think it’s possible for consumers to be loyal to more than one brand of soft drink? What about more than one brand of cola? Discuss the pros and cons of having several brands in a product category (as do coca-cola and Pepsi in the cola category). Compare the strategy of line extension to that of creating completely distinct brands for these products. What factors should marketers consider in making this important decision? 3)Many marketers made a distinction between customers and consumers. For instance, coca-cola sells cola syrup directly to its customers, the operators of bottling plants. The bottlers sell bottled coke products to retailers, vending machine operators, restaurants, airlines, and so forth. Those organizations, in turn, sell coca-cola products to individual consumers who drink it. Discuss how the salient beliefs about coke products might differ for customers and consumers. How might their attitudes toward coke differ? Who should coca-cola pay more attention to its customers or the consumer? Why? 4)Discuss coca-cola’s various strategies for managing brand equity of its many products. For instance, what are the pros and cons of borrowing versus creating brand equity? Analyze coke’s attempt to revive brand equity by reintroducing the contour bottle around the world. 5)What is your opinion about the effects on consumer attitudes and intentions of coca-cola’s proliferation of choice alternatives? Why do you think so?

Othello in Shakespeare’s play Essay

Othello is manipulated to trust Iago rather than his wife. Iago uses fake evidence against Desdemona in an attempt to prove she is cheating on her husband. Iago uses racism and past experiences to persuade Othello into believing he is not good enough for his wife as well as her not being good enough for him. Othello choses to believe Iago over his wife for the reason that she has only her word to back up her story while Iago has hard evidence. Iago plants fake evidence in the form of a handkerchief owned by Desdemona to lead Othello into believing his wife is having an affair with another man. By mistake, Othello leaves Desdemona’s handkerchief laying on the ground and Emilia, Iago’s wife finds it but fails to return it. Although Iago cannot witness Cassio and Desdemona having sex, he promises Othello he will find hard evidence of the affair. Iago creates a fake story claiming to have seen Cassio with Desdemona’s handkerchief given to her by Othello. He claims the evidence is backed by â€Å"imputation and strong circumstances† (3.3.407) and reassures Othello he is only trying to lead him to â€Å"the door of truth† (3.3.408). Iago falsely tells Othello that he must re-think the situation but by that point, Othello had his mind set to kill his framed wife as he cries â€Å"O, blood, blood, blood† (3.3.454). The hard evidence planted by Iago was so efficient to get Othello to believe his wife was involved with Cassio due to its deep personal roots of the couples love. The handkerchief was given to Desdemona by her husband as a token of his love and the framing of her giving it to another man showed Othello that she doesn’t value their love anymore. He does not bother to simply ask Desdemona if she was having an affair because he knows she is now untrustworthy and will simply deny the allegations if challenged. By breaking down the trust between Othello and Desdemona with his hard evidence, Othello now t rusts Iago and not his wife. The hard evidence cements Othello’s trust in Othello although none of it is actually true. With Othello’s trust, Iago can more easily manipulate the framing of Desdemona and Cassio, as Othello will believe anything said by Iago. Throughout the novel, racism plays a crucial role in persuading Othello to think he is not deserving of Desdemona’s love. Iago is perhaps the most racist character but the negative judgments of Othello based upon his race are contributed from all Venetian citizens of Venice. He is judged to be  harsh and rough just because he is black. He is referred to as â€Å"an old black ram† (1.1.89), â€Å"an erring barbarian† (1.3.350) and a â€Å"Barbary horse† (1.1.112) by Iago to let Othello know he is considered to be less important and valuable due to his skin colour. Roderigo also openly degrades Othello by referring to him as â€Å"thick lips† (1.1.67) and â€Å"lascivious moor† (1.1.126) which break him down and forms insecurities about his race. His insecurities in turn lead Othello to believe he is not worthy of Desdemona. Iago also warns Othello that if Desdemona was willing to leave her father, she is likely to do the same with him. Even her own father says, â€Å"She has deciev’d her father and may thee† (1.3.290) proving to Othello that those close to Desdemona have been deceived and she might do the same to him. Iago later echoes Brabantios words by stating, â€Å"She did deceive her father, marrying you;† (3.3.208), which solidifies Othello’s distrust in his own wife. The combination of Iago being perceived as honest and charming and Othello’s gullibility allow for Iago to easily manipulate Othello. Othello is vulnerable to the perceived notion that his wife did not truly love him and could easily leave him all due to the colour of his skin. He is certainly not jealous of his wife but rather scared of the prospect of her leaving him due to his colour. As he becomes vulnerable, Othello is soothed by fake honesty surrounding Iago as he is refereed to as â€Å"Honest Iago† (1.3.290). Iago has no evidence or past experiences to lessen his trustworthiness to Othello while his wife Desdemona has been framed by Iago specifically to create doubt-allowing Othello to question her loyalty to him. The constant charm by Iago and the question surrounding Desdemona eventually lead to Othello to fully trust Iago and being persuaded to kill his own wife. The motive behind the killing of Desdemona was not from jealousy but rather â€Å"in a conviction forced upon him by the almost superhuman art of Iago [..] and must have entertained who had believed Iago’s honesty as Othello did. (Samuel Coleridge). What Coleridge is suggesting is that the motive behind Othello wanting to kill his wife was not jealousy, but rather all of Othello’s trust was to Iago therefore he could be easily manipulated. Iago gained all of Othello’s trust and used it to manipulate Othello into killing Desdemona contributing to his overall plan. Iago gains Othello’s trust by using hard evidence and racism. Othello doesn’t simply ask Desdemona if she were having an affair because he does  not trust her anymore. Othello’s tragic choices are driven by revenge on his wife for being untrustworthy while in reality she was loyal to him. Iago’s lying and deceiving leaves many of his friends dead and leads to his torture and downfall. Work Cited Page Shakespeare, William. Othello. Oxford School Shakespeare. Ed. Roma Gill Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Print Coleridge, Samuel. â€Å"Othello: The Bradley view (& Coleridge).† English Class Handout, 2014. Print.

Sedentism, Community-Building, Began 12,000 Years Ago

Sedentism, Community-Building, Began 12,000 Years Ago Sedentism refers to the decision made first by humans at least 12,000 years ago to start living in groups for long periods of time. Settling down, picking a place and living in it permanently for at least part of the year, is partially but not entirely related to how a group gets required resources. This includes gathering and growing food, stone for tools, and wood for housing and fires. Hunter-Gatherers and Farmers In the 19th century, anthropologists defined two different lifeways for people beginning in the Upper Paleolithic period. The earliest lifeway, called hunting and gathering, describes people who were highly mobile, following herds of animals like bison and reindeer, or moving with normal seasonal climatic changes to collect plant foods as they ripened. By the Neolithic period, so the theory went, people domesticated plants and animals, necessitating permanent settlement to maintain their fields. However, extensive research since then suggests that sedentism and mobility - and hunter-gatherers and farmers - were not separate lifeways but rather two ends of a continuum that the groups modified as circumstances required. Since the 1970s, anthropologists use the term complex hunter-gatherers to refer to hunter-gatherers who have some elements of complexity, including permanent or semi-permanent residences. But even that doesnt encompass the variability that is now apparent: in the past, people changed how mobile their lifestyles were depending on circumstances, sometimes due to climatic changes, but for a range of reasons, from year to year and decade to decade. What Makes a Settlement Permanent? Identifying communities as permanent ones is somewhat difficult. Houses are older than sedentism. Residences such as brushwood huts at Ohalo II in Israel and mammoth bone dwellings in Eurasia occurred as early as 20,000 years ago. Houses made of animal skin, called tipis or yurts, were the homestyle of choice for mobile hunter-gatherers throughout the world for an unknown period of time before that. The earliest permanent structures, made from stone and fired brick, were apparently public structures rather than residences, ritual places shared by a mobile community. Examples include the monumental structures of Gobekli Tepe, the tower at Jericho, and the communal buildings at other early sites such as Jerf el Ahmar and Mureybet, all in the Levant region of Eurasia. Some of the traditional features of sedentism are residential areas where houses were built close to one another, large-scale food storage and cemeteries, permanent architecture, increased population levels, non-transportable toolkits (such as massive grinding stones), agricultural structures such as terraces and dams, animal pens, pottery, metals, calendars, record-keeping, slavery, and feasting. But all of these features are related to the development of prestige economies, rather than sedentism, and most developed in some form prior to permanent year-round sedentism. Natufians and Sedentism The earliest potentially sedentary society on our planet was the Mesolithic Natufian, located in the Near East between 13,000 and 10,500 years ago (BP). However, much debate exists about their degree of sedentism. Natufians were more or less egalitarian hunter-gatherers whose social governance shifted as they shifted their economic structure. By about 10,500 BP, the Natufians developed into what archaeologists call Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic as they increased in population and reliance on domesticated plants and animals and began living in at least partially year-round villages. These processes were slow, over periods of thousands of years and intermittent fits and starts. Sedentism arose, quite independently, in other areas of our planet at different times. But like the Natufians, societies in places such as Neolithic China, South Americas Caral-Supe, the North American Pueblo societies, and the precursors to the Maya at Ceibal all changed slowly and at different rates over a long period of time. Sources Asouti, Eleni. A Contextual Approach to the Emergence of Agriculture in Southwest Asia: Reconstructing Early Neolithic Plant-Food Production. Current Anthropology, Dorian Q. Fuller, Vol. 54, No. 3, The University of Chicago Press Journals, June 2013. Finlayson, Bill. Architecture, sedentism, and social complexity at Pre-Pottery Neolithic A WF16, Southern Jordan. Steven J. Mithen, Mohammad Najjar, Sam Smith, Darko MariÄ ević, Nick Pankhurst, Lisa Yeomans, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, May 17, 2011.   Inomata, Takeshi. Development of sedentary communities in the Maya lowlands: Coexisting mobile groups and public ceremonies at Ceibal, Guatemala. Jessica MacLellan, Daniela Triadan, Jessica Munson, Melissa Burham, Kazuo Aoyama, Hiroo Nasu, Flory Pinzà ³n, Hitoshi Yonenobu, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, April 7, 2015. Railey, Jim A. Reduced Mobility or the Bow and Arrow? Another Look at Expedient Technologies and Sedentism. Volume 75, Issue 2, American Antiquity, January 20, 2017. Reed, Paul F. Sedentism, Social Change, Warfare, and the Bow in the Ancient Pueblo Southwest. Phil R. Geib, Wiley Online Library, June 17, 2013. Rosen, Arlene M. Climate change, adaptive cycles, and the persistence of foraging economies during the late Pleistocene/Holocene transition in the Levant. Isabel Rivera-Collazo, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, March 6, 2012.

The one child policy essays

The one child policy essays Throughout this essay the one child policy will be outlined and how it will be enforced. Also wether the need for the one child policy will outweigh the problems of human rights The one child policy consists of three main points: having delayed marriages and child bearing, having fewer and healthier births and having only one child per family. After years of encouraging reproduction, in 1979 the Chinese government created a policy known as the one child policy. The policy was implemented due to its large population as it continued to increase and its attempt to fight widespread poverty and to improve the overall quality of life. As each year passed Chinas population increased by 55 million. This is why the policy was adopted; to ensure that china would be able to feed its people; this was a worry as china had a bad historical background of severe flooding and famine The one child policy although did not apply to all people. There are several ways you can have second child legally. If you lived in a rural areas where families needed support in there old age or if you were from an ethnic minority you were formally excluded or if your first child was mentally or physically disabled or if you had twins or people who were made redundant form state firms were excluded from the one child policy. Although it had been known that the government forced these people to comply by these rules. If you decided you wanted to have second child without you having any of theses exceptions and the government caught you the person/s would miss out on a lot of compensation and financial assistance. Such as assistance in education, university and public schooling, Medicare, priority pension and youre the parents would not be offered a 5-10% salary as an incentive to have only one child. Also having another child would mean 15% of family income was imposed or you were forced to have an abortion and the granny police were around to make sure ...

Analysing the Importance of Multiculturalism in Present Day Workplaces Essay

Analysing the Importance of Multiculturalism in Present Day Workplaces - Essay Example According to the report  workplace diversity is a strategic management approach focussing on people and their similarities and differences with respect to an organization. The melting point theory proclaims of multiculturalism initiatives in aiming to perceive integration and inclusion of separate groups in order to enhance productivity. With respect to a typical workplace, the issues of gender, class, age, ethnicity, physical and mental ability, sexual orientation, spirituality and public assistance. Other than population growth, diversity gives an invaluable opportunity to increase competitiveness.This paper declares that the concept is not new and it is regarded as an ongoing process to bring organizations, communities and society into an inclusive, wholesome and a fully culturally entity. Griffin postulated that workforce diversity to b mostly related to the similarities and differences among employees in an organization.   The boundaries of management discipline has expanded nowadays and in order to build more competitive organizations, all policies and practices in the prevailing constituency need to be considered for analytically reflecting on an organizational work-force diversity.  In the 21st century, active citizenship deals with a culturally sensitive consciousness and global orientation to towards progressive growth. With respect to a company and its benefits, diversity is unavoidable and is an essential business concern.

Report -- financial investment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Report -- financial investment - Essay Example he company stood at 39,848 Million, which included 4,135 Million liquidity which is a good prospect for a shareholder as the company has good available liquidity. The company also has enough cash to pay off its short term liabilities. The company had a good prospect to pay off its short term and current liabilities. The sales of the company was spread all over the world and carried less amount of bad debts which also gave strength to its debtors turnover. The current ratio of the company is 1.44, with current Assets amounting to 12,571 and current liabilities 8,756. The company has a substantial cover over its current liabilities and has enough current assets to overcome the current liabilities. The industry’s average current ratio is 1.08, which gives an indication that Pepsi is well off compared to the other companies. The company carries 8,759 quick assets to cover current liabilities worth of 8,756 which gives a quick ratio of 1. (Co.) The current assets of the company amount to 17,551 while the current liabilities stand at 13,721. It makes the current ratio stand at 1.28. This specifies that the company has adequate current assets to pay off their current obligations. (Stock-Analysis, 2010) However, the quick assets make up 12,971 of the current assets which are less than the current liabilities. This may create difficulty for the company when it pays off its current liabilities. (Cola) The profitability ratios, i.e. the Return on Assets and the Return on Equity for the company amount to 14.92% and 35.38% respectively. (Stock-Analysis) The similar rations for the industry stand at 4.14% and 11.9% respectively which gives Pepsi Inc an upper hand as it has utilized its assets and equity very efficiently. The company generated a Return on Assets and Return on Equity equal to 14.72% and 27.52% respectively which is well over the industry norms. The company generated a profit of 6,824, which is 1,000 more than the profit of the company last year and 800

Athletes psychological make- up Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Athletes psychological make- up - Essay Example From the above explanation, it is important to consider that there are numerous sports and in sense every sport would want a deliberately devised and developed in a peculiar way to address the need of the specific sports. This has been the point of concern and controversy as there is widespread adoption of information’s tailored for other sports to the unintended ones (Smith, & Kays 2010). There are issues now that the efficacy of the imported ideas and training designed for other related sports may work negatively if wrongly applied. In the contemporary sporting, sports psychology is of paramount interest and there is high need to determine the psychology of the participants so as to prepare them adequately for the games. With regard to this, testing the psychological status of the sportsmen has gained grounds and two methods have been coined to undertake to this. One of the approaches has been the unilateral application of the psychometric tests to understand the behavior o f the athletes. The second approach involves the use of construction, and effecting specific sports psychological test to gauge the psychological status of the sportsmen (Smith & Kays 2010). The application of the above named approaches have stirred great controversies as there are the opponent and proponents of the approaches, each holding to a contrary schools of thoughts. In other words, the approaches of determining the psychology of the sportsmen have attracted applause and rejection in equal measure (Smith & Kays 2010). Starting with the psychometric tests, the opponents of the

Political Elite Revised Essay Example for Free

Political Elite Revised Essay Do you want to belong to the elite? Or do you sometimes feel that, in a way, you belong to the elite? Without its political meaning, the elite simply refer to a group that possesses superior qualities than the rest. It is the â€Å"cream of the crop†. In one way or another, some of us may have already experienced belonging to the elite, such as when we became part of an important club in school or belonged to the top of the class. In the book Concept and Issues in Comparative Politics, Frank Wilson explained that when applied to politics, the term elite acquires a negative connotation to mean a â€Å"small group who conspire to monopolize power and use it for their benefit†. However, without this political meaning, term elite refers to those who are active in political processes. Thus, Wilson stresses that not only the politicians belong to the elite, but also the opinion leaders and influence wielders and the senior civil servants. While politicians seek and hold elective or appointed government positions, influential figures participate in the process by shaping the ideas and preferences of others. This makes the media and business group as parts of the political elite. Bureaucrats or senior civil servants are also one of the components of the elite because they are involved in the policy- and decision-making processes in the government. Can a person enter the circle of the elite by moving his or her way up in the bureaucracy? Yes, if the person’s career achievements merit him or her to be recruited into the elite. Basically Wilson suggests two ways of recruitment to the elite: by achievement and by ascription. Recruitment by achievement does not only refer to technical skills, but also pertains to interpersonal, leadership or money-making skills. This is in stark contrast with the ascriptive mode of recruitment wherein a person automatically becomes a member of the elite because he or she was â€Å"born with silver spoon in the mouth,† so to speak. Also, Wilson points out that recruitment by achievement is characteristic of developed political systems, while recruitment by ascription is more common in traditional societies. However, it is not uncommon to find elites by birth who also developed the necessary skills to lead by achievement. For example, George W. Bush did not become the US President simply because he is the son of George H. W. Bush; but his first-hand observation of his father’s former job, the Bush’s network of influence, and the name recall surely helped in his campaign. Wilson also classifies elites into open and closed elites. The US is considered as one of the most open political recruitment processes because of the system of primary elections. One does not have to be a dedicated party worker to get nominated and eventually elected. According to Wilson, it also explains why movie stars could become elected officials, as well. Most democratic societies have open elites hence outsiders have multiple opportunities to enter the elite circle; but there are also democratic societies which require aspiring politicians to serve apprenticeships in local or party politics. This is to prevent just anybody, especially those who are only famous, to get elected without any political experience.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, closed elites are characteristic of authoritarian regimes wherein membership to the elite is controlled. In practice, however, there are also democratic regimes which also have closed elites, in a sense that ruling elites may hinder other members of the society from obtaining enough political leverage to become one of the political elite. For instance, I want to get in the elite circle because I have sufficient background, knowledge and skills to become a leader, but the circle is controlled and very elitist (snobbish). Do I have other options if I do not get recruited through achievement? Yes, by ascription such as by marrying a member of the elite, as Wilson stresses, or stage a revolt or a coup d’etat to overthrow the ruling elite.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nevertheless, violent successions of the elites usually happen when there is no predictability or long-established rules in the change of leadership. In most advanced political systems, there are approved procedures in the transition and legitimation of leadership that would render the blood spill unnecessary. However, even if Wilson contends that unpredictable successions are common to authoritarian regimes and third world countries, he also cites examples to the contrary. He takes particular exception to the Party politics in China which has proven that orderly manner of succession is possible, even in an authoritarian system. To add to this example are a number of â€Å"illiberal democracies† in Asia wherein rulers could maintain their hold in power, yet such undemocratic rule were long accepted by the people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Wilson also adds that there are other ways to make the elite’s hold on power legitimate such as tradition, charismatic appeal, accepted rational processes, and more importantly, capability of the political elite to deliver its promises to the people. The capability to perform to improve the welfare of the people could be a more powerful factor for legitimacy than election, and thus could make people’s obedience possible even if the rule is considered undemocratic. However, whether in democratic or authoritarian regimes, any elite that would exercise coercive force to command obedience from the people is bound to fail – and that is when we observe violent or tense transitions of political power.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Still, there is always a certain elite or a small group that would be most directly involved in the political processes. Even erstwhile socialist regimes which claimed to promote equality among the people have been ruled by elites, and have in fact used their position to perpetuate themselves in power. The widely-held notion of democracy is that of a representative democracy. As such, it has been a nagging controversy in the studies of elite that even the most democratic systems are not truly democratic because political leadership is in the hands of a representative elite that would never mirror the general citizenry. Wilson has provided enough empirical evidence that those who usually get recruited into the elite are from the middle and upper classes, educated, from dominant societal groups, and male. Even if the elite would recruit from the ranks of the masses, those who would enter the elite would soon acquire the certain values and perspectives that are characteristic of the elite. Thus they get absorbed into the system – and could not possibly reform the system. As such radicals view that only by changing the system itself, say, by supplanting a genuinely socialist one, that political elitism would end. The above proposition is grounded on the assumption that elitism is bad, as Wilson has scrutinized effectively. Breaking down this assumption brings us to the sub-assumptions that firstly, political elites always rules in its own best interests; and that   secondly, the best political representation of a particular group is made by people who are from that group. Wilson debunks these assumptions for lack of sufficient empirical evidence. In the first instance, political elites ruling only on their interests can always be checked in democratic societies. In democratic systems wherein the succession of political power is determined by elections, the ruling elites would have to bend to the wishes of important portions of the population because they would ultimately need their support come election time. Of course, it is also possible that the political elite sincerely care for the people; that is why we now have welfare states and taxation systems that really hurt the rich and benefit the poor. The argument that one can best represent the interests the group where he or she comes from, at all times, may not always hold true since as Wilson explained in the text, new entrants to the elite may change their values by virtue of their position thus may render them useless in advancing his original group or class. A very concrete example would be the socialist Russian revolution which catapulted the working class into power, which in the long run only became a self-seeking and self-defensive class of its own.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus Wilson argues that a pluralist democracy, wherein various interests are articulated and political competition prevents domination of political power of a single set of elites, holds the answer to the controversy that bedevils the political elite. As such, the rule of the elites, per se, is not bad – as long as it is in the context of a working pluralist democracy.

trees :: essays research papers

Trees are terrific. They cover the world and provide air and beauty for all to enjoy. Yes indeed trees are terrific. There are many uses for trees and their byproducts. Everywhere we look there are trees or some kind of shrub that always give us something to look at.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trees make life more pleasant. They make the world beautiful. When we go and lay in parks where there are lots of trees we feel peaceful, at ease, and most of all happy. Trees make life more pleasant. Trees make people more at ease and have also shown that hospital patients recover faster when they around trees. People have strong ties with trees. Some people always remember that one tree that they grew up around and never forget it for as long as they live. The strength that trees have gives people a feeling of self strength to help them get through everyday life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of trees are private property, but that does not mean that they are not part of the community also. Since trees are everywhere, there is a lot of planning that goes into the placement of trees so that they benefit everyone. Trees provide people with privacy for their homes and yards. Trees also serve an architectural function as well. Many architects use trees to improve the looks of a businesses and public areas to make people more at home.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trees also benefit the environment. They alter the environment in which we live by moderating the climate, improving the air quality, conserving our water source and harboring wildlife. They take in energy from the sun, block the wind, and rain. Trees also control the temperature. In the vicinity of trees is cooler than that away from trees. The larger the tree, the greater the cooling, the better a person feels because they are not in the sun. Air quality is also improved through the use of trees, shrubs and turf. Leaves filter the air we breathe by removing the dust and other particles from the air.

Belonging Relate Text Essay

If you didn’t repeat year11 you have to do the same thing as I’m doing right now, which is a letter about the area of study – belonging. Probably you are enjoying year11 while I am suffering year12; I have tons of assignments due next few weeks. I’m writing this letter to you because I know you would ask me for all the year12 assessments at the end of the year also this will help you with the topic, identity which is part of belonging. First I will give you an idea of what belonging is. Belonging is a sense of comfort and contentment when an individual gains an understanding of themselves in relation to others. However when individual is excluded from a group or community is call alienation and rejection. It is important for one to belong; it can prevent alienation and isolation which can lead to severe emotional and psychological problem. From texts a responder may experience and understand the possibilities presented by a sense of belonging to or exclusion from the text and the world it represents. From different points of view the perception might be different. For example some of the students belong outside of school because of their classmates may be isolating or bully them. Whereas the teacher thinks they should belong to school, community and study for the HSC. I have chosen three different types of related texts for this Assessment task [Area of Study – Belonging] : the advertisement â€Å"how easy is it to forget† produced by BERNAS depicts a typical Chinese family and how the individuals belong within the family. The film â€Å"Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein† directed by Kenneth Branagh examines rejection and alienation of Victor’s creature from society due its shocking appearance; similarly the picture book â€Å"Refugees† by David Miller uses ducks to represent the experience of refugees who have been alienated from a place. In the advertisement â€Å"How easy is it to forget†, Bernas shows how one’s perception of their family can be modified over time by the shared experiences and barriers which they have fought to overcome as a group, enriching and strengthening the connection between members such as the father and son. The advertisement is about the son disobeying his Chinese tradition and ending up in a flight with his father resulting in him leaving home. Although he became paraplegic due to an accident at work; but his father helped and taught him how to walk when he was helpless and he returned to his family with a stronger bond than before. The advertisement is to gain support for less fortunate families and people. An individual’s sense of belonging is influenced by their choices and actions. At the beginning scene the son is leaving his family with his mother crying behind him trying to persuade him not to leave. Belonging to a group is a choice we make and the son clearly makes a decision to leave the family, which shows the barrier he creates between his family. In the flash back illustrate the event that lead to what happened at the opening scene. The son displays no interest in the family traditions and conveys no respect towards the father as shown by the father’s disapproving facial expression. During the dinner the son eats first rather than his father, in Chinese culture that elders eat first is to show respect. Another example is when the son changes the channel that his father was watching, the disconnection between the father and the son has been represented through the use of facial expressions and attitudes displayed by father and son. This is achieved by the camera alternating with a close up from the son and the father’s disapproving facial expression. This disconnection creates a barrier between them caused by the son’s decision and actions. The breakdown of their relationship has been symbolized by the shattering of the bowl of rice. In Chinese culture a meal is where a family connects and deepens the mutual understanding with each other, strengthening the bond within the family. â€Å"You might as well not come home!† shows how the son’s choices have pushed these bonds and created conflicts within this family, furthermore it creates greater barriers for them to overcome. However overcoming these barriers to belonging can enrich one’s sense of belonging because they gain an understanding of themselves in their family. The need to belong to a group or a community shapes our behavior, attitudes and actions. After the son left his family he suffered a devastating accident at work which leaves him unable to use both legs. In hospital he isolates himself and rejects all offers of help from his family. Although the son had broken the bonds between them, his father stood outside of his room crying because he assumed responsibility for his son suffering. His father chooses to help his son recover physically and moreover importantly mentally. It shows in the next scene with the father carrying his son on this back, trying to move his legs and teach him how to walk again! A flash back was used to contrast when the son was young and his father was teaching him how to walk which shows no matter how bad the family’s bond may be broken, it can be mended. In the final scene it shows the son can walk again at dinner time; a flash back was used to show his father helping him to walk at morning and night. This shows the bond between him and his family has been recovered or are even stronger. The recurring motif at the meal is used throughout the advertisement to encapsulate the bonds and relationship between the son and his family no matter how much the bond between family members have been shattered, it will always repair depending on the family members’ attitudes, decisions and actions. The first text was interesting, isn’t it? The second text is the film â€Å"Mary’s Shelly Frankenstein† directed by Kenneth Branagh. It is based on an adaptation of Mary’s novel â€Å"Frankenstein† written in 1815 and published in London in 1818. It is based on a science friction story about Victor Frankenstein created a creature with no identity; due to his shocking appearance which creates barriers to belong. The creature turned evil by rejection of society and he started to take revenge on his father Victor Frankenstein’s family. In this film several aspects of belonging have been conveyed, a sense of not belonging can emerge from the disconnections made with people, places or the world. The creature Victor Frankenstein created him and does not know how to walk, eat, talk, etc; Victor tries to help the creature in the first place because he thought he had successfully finished the experiment of creating a new life. When Victor saw the creature appearance is different to human, he was scared, surprised and realized with horror that he had done something wrong against human nature. This is demonstrated by a close up to show his facial expression and the dramatic music. The disconnection has been conveyed by Victor trying to escape from the lab leaving the creature behind and taking no responsibly for what he had created. This is an important scene because it leads to the creature being rejected and isolated from human societies. This disconnection influenced him to find his new identity and where to belong. To truly belong to can take a lifetime and can often never be achieved, but to become isolated or alienated is often easy. The next scene started with the creature covering his head to hide his appearance from people, the director used high angle shot to show the people are buying and selling in the street while the creature is trying to steal food from the shop. This shows the creature wanted to belong to the human society and desired the human’s acceptance. However his hideous appearance was revealed when he got caught stealing, and rejected him and chased him away. The director used low angle shot when the people gather around the creature, which shows the creature was way more powerful physically than humans. Medium shot was also used to show the human’s emotion when a human attacked the creature and in his rage he threw the human to the wall. This horrified the people and became the catalyst of human rejection from the creature. The creature has being rejected and alienated from society which creates more barriers for him. An individual not accepted by society can result in a change of the individual’s actions and decisions which can be devastating for all concerned. This is what happened to victor’s creature. One’s identity is the key to belonging anywhere. The creature continued to find his identity, he learnt who and how he was created and then deserted, and moreover he started to take revenge on Victor because he didn’t belong to the world. In the ice cave scene the creature had a conversation with Victor, which shows the creature had intelligence and emotions. The director use of a low angle shot shows the power of the creature and his superiority. The creature struggles to find his identity which is conveyed by the dialogue â€Å"Who am I?† During the conversation, the music changed to dramatic music emphasizing that barriers to belonging can change a good person to evil; it is shown by â€Å"Two people are dead now, because of us.† The close up between the creature and Victor to show their emotion which conveys how serious the problem of belonging is and the importance of having an identity. At the end of the film; when Victor dies the creature burnt himself next to Victor’s dead body. He knew that he had no future, â€Å"Who are you?† the captain asked, â€Å"He never gave me a name†, the creature replied. Without belonging life is meaningless, although the creature’s searching to belong and to be accepted by society. The barriers causing his isolation and alienation are too great to overcome, ending a dying with his father Victor. This conveys a sense of belonging comes from a sense of identity. The third text is a picture book Refugees by David Miller. The text illustrates the adventure of pair of wild ducks whose habitat has been destroyed when their swamp is dug up and they have to find a safe place to live. The difficult and dangerous journey they undertake seems futile. As they try they were unable to settle in various different environments. These locations included the ocean, busy river port and a swap/hunting ground. They are close to exhaustion when the intervention of an unknown person changes their fate. This text explores the idea that the process of migration can be a discriminatory experience, alienating, confusing and leading to the search for acceptance and sense of belonging. This text is an example of an allegory, a story on two levels. The ducks represent human immigrants and the problems they face. The process of migration is disorientating when the homes of two ducks are destroyed by machinery and they must migrate to find a new home. This is shown in â€Å"Now the swamp and island were gone forever. The ducks would have to find another place to live.† A lack of belonging felt by an individual can be caused by difficulties such as environment, government etc. This leads an individual to embark on a journey in search for a sense of belonging or acceptance from new environment. The environment is harsh, difficult and dangerous during the migrations. This is depicted by the visual techniques used by the illustrator where the swamp at the beginning is blue and green colours representing safety and calmness. On the other hand next few pages show the colour is black and from the text â€Å"find food and a safe place to sleep† shows the dangerous and frustration during migrating. Risks and challenges have been faced by the ducks during their search for acceptance, â€Å"At last, very tired, they came to the sea. But the waves were frightening, the water was salty, and they couldn’t find any food† (what is the effect). Rejection and alienation also experienced by the ducks are depicted by the picture of two ducks forced to swim into the waves with the seagulls giving them aggressive looks. It shows the difficulty of acceptance from others. The illustrator used a boat to demonstrate the trip of their journey and with a wall beside it which symbolized obstructs during migrating. Although the connection or relation between both of these ducks is strong, they belong to each other no matter where they are illustrated through â€Å"Two tired little ducks slept on a small, bobbing boat.† The desire to belong is shown by the two ducks when they try to find a place that accepts them is shown by using repetition of the word â€Å"flew†. The alienation and rejection is not only shown by other animals, these two ducks also experience alienation from humans shown by the use of visual techniques employed by the illustrator, it shows how the two ducks are powerless in the emptiness of the sky with humans shooting at them and the text â€Å"Hidden hunters fired cruel guns.† At the end humans reach out hands to help them to find a place where they can belong and the two ducks find a new place with this help and adapt to a new home which they have finding and longing for. It is convey through the text â€Å"At last they were set free on a lake where tall reeds rustled, frogs croaked, clouds of insects buzzed and swallows flitted restlessly over the clear water.† Similar colour as the first page where their old home was has been used to convey belonging to a place can make you safe and comfort. All these techniques used to demonstrate the process of immigration and convey the search for acceptance and sense of belonging. In conclusion belonging is a sense of comfort and contentment when an individual gains an understanding of in relation to family, groups and community. However sense of not belonging is an exclusion and rejection from groups or society. Without belonging life is meaningless thus people continue to search a place to belong even they were alienated. An immigrant like me and you had experienced exclusion and rejection because of our lack of communication skill and different cultural in a new country. But at the end we found a place where we belong to and the acceptance by other people as a new immigrant. These problems were faced in â€Å"Refugees† which is an extended metaphor of the two ducks that had experienced after leaving home and being a new immigrant. There are the three texts I have chosen, I hope you get an idea of what I did there and hope you can improve your shifty reading skill. You can send me your copy if you pass year 11 this year.

My Time of the Year Essay

People have their favorite season whether it is winter, spring, summer, or autumn. Out of those four seasons my favorite season is summer. Even though the temperatures can be outrageously ridiculous hot, I still enjoy the hot sun. Going to the beach is one of my favorite thing to do during the summer. After looking for parking at Huntington Beach for about an hour, I try to find the perfect spot through the crowded beach to lay my towel down. â€Å"I found the spot. † The tan-gray sand is somewhat dry but also a little damp. I throw my blue-green towel on the sand. I bend down to sit on the towel, but before I lay down I put sun-tanning spray all over my body so I can sunbathe. As soon as I finish putting on the sun-tanning spray, I lie down and put on my sunglasses. But now I think to myself â€Å"Should I put on my earphones? Or should I listen to the crashing waves, the seagulls squawking and the people complaining that there is sand on their sandwiches. I think that I will listen to my iPod instead. Now that I have decided to listen to my iPod, I put the headphones in my ear and choose the music I want to listen to. I am in the mood to listen to Kutless, a Christian rock band. While I lay on the beach, I can feel the Vitamin E being soaked into my skin. I feel my body getting hotter than usual, similar to a turkey getting out of the oven on Thanksgiving Day. The heat is telling my body that one side is being done of tanning. Once my front side is done tanning I turn to my backside and I do the same thing I did with my front side. When I feel my backside is getting hot as well, I am done sunbathing. Before I leave the beach I dust off my towel, roll it up and pick up anything that got thrown on the sand. I pack up my suntan spray, my towel, my iPod, and my sunglasses. I try to remember where I parked. Once I found my car I put my things in the back seat, get in the driver’s side, put my seatbelt on, turn on the car, turn the radio up, and drive home. Summer may not be a lot of people’s favorite time of the year, but I know that it is my time of the year.